Pronunciation Symbols for the Sounds of English

STRESS

/ˈ/ /ˈpɝsən/ PERson Primary stress–goes above the line before the strongest syllable in a word
/pɚˈsɛnt/ perCENT
/ˌ/ /ˈnuzˌpeɪpɚ/ NEWSpaper Secondary stress–goes below the line before the second strongest syllable in a word
/ˌɪnfɚmeɪʃən/ inforMAtion

Vowels (arranged phonetically)

/i/ eat, see, need
/ɪ/ it, big, finishes
/eɪ/ aid, day, hate
/ɛ/ ever, head, get
/æ/ apple, bad, hat
/ɑ/ odd, father, hot
/ʌ/ up, mother, mud (in stressed syllables)
/ə/ about, animal, problem, polite, suggest, serious (in unstressed syllables)
/ɔ/ all, saw, talk, caught
/oʊ/ owe, road, hope
/ʊ/ good, book, put
/u/ too, food, soup
/aɪ/ I, hide, right
/aʊ/ out, how, loud
/ɔɪ/ oil, toy, choice
/ɝ/ early, her, bird, hurt (in stressed syllables)
/ɜr/ curry, stirring (in stressed syllables, where /r/ is followed by a vowel)
/ɚ/ teacher, doctor, picture, afterward (in unstressed syllables)
/ər/ literal, summarize (in unstressed syllables, where /r/ is followed by a vowel)
/ɪr/ ear, beer
/ɛr/ air, care
/ɑr/ arm, far
/ɔr/ order, more
/ʊr/ sure, tour
/aɪr/ fire, tired
/aʊr/ hour
/əl/ bottle, metal, channel
/ən/ button, sudden, mountain

Consonants (arranged alphabetically, with special symbols last)

/b/ boy, baby, rob
/d/ do, ladder, bed
/f/ food, offer, safe
/ɡ/ get, bigger, dog
/h/ happy, ahead
/k/ can, speaker, stick
/l/ let, follow, still
/m/ make, summer, time
/n/ no, dinner, thin
/ŋ/ singer, think, long
/p/ put, apple, cup
/r/ run, marry, far, store
/s/ sit, passing, city, face
/t/ top, better, cat
/v/ very, seven, love
/w/ wear, where, away
/hw/ where, somewhat
/x/ Chanukah, loch
/y/ yes, use, beyond
/z/ zoo, buzz, easy, please
/θ/ thirsty, nothing, math
/ð/ this, mother, breathe
/ʃ/ she, station, push
/tʃ/ church, watching, nature
/ʒ/ measure, television, beige
/dʒ/ jump, budget, age